Governor for electro-dynamic machines



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. G. P. CARD. GOVERNOR FOR BLEGTRO DYNAMICMACHINES.

No. 411,783. Patented Oct. '1, 1889.

avwentoz p/g'v g5 a/n1 $1 WM W (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. F. CARD. GOVERNOR FOR ELEOTRO DYNAMIC MACHINES.

No. 411,783. Patented Oct. 1, 1889.

AZ-[ fn'ranfar- 4 .g rcwt w Zry Am UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE F. CARD, OF COVINGTON. KENTUCKY, ASSIGNOR TO THE GEORGE F. CARI)MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF CINCINNATI, OI-IIO.

GOVERNOR FOR ELECTRO-DYNAMIC MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 411,783, dated October1, 1889.

Application filed February 1, 1889. Serial No. 298,318. (No model.)

T (0% whom it ntay concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE F. CARD, a citizen of the United States,residing at (lovington, in the county of Kenton and State of Kentucky,have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Governors forElectro- Dynamie Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings,

forming part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in governors for elcctro-dynamicmachines arranged to automatically maintain a sensible uniform speed ofarmature rotation under I 5 changing loads, current forces, &c., andwhose construction is further such as to promptly bring the armature torest either upon its rotation dropping below a given range of velocitiesor upon adisablement of the centrifugal regulator.

My present invention is an improvement on the one shown and described inmy pending application filed October 29, 1888, Serial No. 289,384.

2 5 My improved governor is applicable to that class of electric motorsor dynamic machines in which a differential circuit is used to check orgovern the motion of the machine caused by the direct circuit orwindings. I11 the normal running condition of the machine thisdifferential circuit is open and currentlcss ,and inert, but is capableof being automatically closed either by a speed of the armature inexcess of the maximum velocity as signed to it or for which it is gaged,or by the opposite action of slowing down toward a stop, or also by thedisorganization of the centrifugal mechanism of the governor itself.\Vhenever, from either cause named, said differential circuit becomesthe path of a current, its reversely-directed windings tend toneutralize and, it maintained long enough, to even overpower themagnetism of the direct windings.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a top plan view of my improvedgovernor. Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken through the line 2 2,Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a diagram of the motor-circuits, showing thedifferential field 5o magnet coil.

Like letters of reference indicate identical parts in all the figures.

Supported upon any suitable base X is a field-magnet having severalpairs of cores w 10, arranged in any convenient manner, upon 5 5 whichis wound the wire E of a normallyclosed circuit, which conveys thedriving-circuit. Besides the direct-winding field-cores, one pair-say win, Fig; 3-are wound in a reverse direction, with a comparatively-lowresistance-wire as, which, with wire 00, forms a normally-open loop withthe direct-winding wire, which when closed shunts part of the current ina direction opposite to the drivingcurrent. This shunt-circuit 0c .90 isknown as the diitcrential circuit, the wire m conveying the current fromthe direct-winding wire at F through the pin II, insulated at I to thecarbon C, and the wire .93 connected through the standard with thecarbon D, and thence 7o wound in a reverse direction around one pair ofthe field-magnets and thence connecting with the dircct-winding wire atF.

A is a shaft revolved by abelt passing over the pulley B and over thedriving-shaft of the 7 5 machine, so that the rotation of the shaft Aalways corresponds with the speed of the motor.

F is a centrifugal regulator hinged at the ends to the collars G i.

K is a spring, which tends to keep the regulator F in a collapsedcondition.

On the collar G is a disk L, to which is fastened a ring or disk M, ofsome fibrous substance-such as wood, paper, or the like-or anyconvenientnon-conducting material.

C D are two carbons connected with the wires .9" a and which whenbrought together close the diiterential circuit. The carbon D issupported upon the standard D on the plate P. Sliding horizontally onthe plate P is a smaller plate P ,held in place by the setscrew p. Tothis plate I is attached an arm N, on the outer end of which is pivotednear its center a lever B. To one end of this lever is attached thecarbon C, held tightly by the set screw c. To give this lever a somewhatfirm position, but yielding elastically to any pressure, the spring 0 isprovided with the stop-pin 0, by which the position of the lever 10o canbe adjusted and fixed. By the plate Pi and set-screw p the arm carryingthe lever B is adjusted at any point desired to regulate the distancebetween the outer end of the lever and the disk M. If it is desired togive the motor a wide scope of velocity, the lever is moved farther fromthe disk. As the velocity of the machine increases to the maximumassigned to it, the centrifugal regulator F draws the collar G forwardand with it the disks L and M, bringing the disk M against theouter endof the lever B, forcing the other end and the carbon 0 toward or againstthe carbon D, and closing the diiferentialcircuit, which at onceneutralizes the direct current and reduces the speed of the motor. speedis reduced the regulator F collapses and moves the disk M back, and thespring 0 causes the lever to resume the position shown in Fig. 1,separating the carbons C D and again breaking the differential orneutralizing circuit.

By the construction and arrangement no metal surfaces are broughttogether to cause wearing or sparks, the motion of the lever is elastic,its action prompt, and the varying resistance peculiar to carbon makesthe action of the governor very delicate and sure.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is n 1. In a governor for an electro-dynamicmachine or motor, the combination, with a dif- As this ferential.neutralizing circuit, of an elastically-pivoted lever and two carbonpoints for making or breaking the differential circuit, so arranged thata velocity of the machine beyond the maximum fixed moves the lever andcloses the circuit through the carbon points until the velocity isreduced, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In a governor for an electro-dynamic machine or motor provided with adifierential or neutralizing circuit, the carbons C D, one of which isstationary and the other attached to a lever B, said lever pivoted at ornear its center and actuated by the regulator F to govern the speed ofthe machine, substantiallyas and for the purpose described.

3. The lever B, elastically pivoted at or near its center, in the mannerdescribed, in combination with a centrifugal regulator operating toclose the differential circuit at speeds above the maximum,substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. In a governor for an electro-dynamic machine or motor provided with adifferential or neutralizing circuit, the regulator F, in combinationwith the collar G and non-conducting disk M, and lever B, carrying thecarbon C, substantially as and for the purpose described.

GEORGE F. CARD. Witnesses:

ARTHUR STEM, GEORGE HEIDMAN.

